Breadcrumbs
Home ›
Business and employment
›
Employment and skills
›
Plan of action against forced labour, people trafficking and slavery
...
›
Plan of action implementation reports
-
Employment and skills
- Employment Action Plan
- Employment Strategy 2019
- Fair Pay Agreements legislation
- Health and safety
-
Employment legislation reviews
- Employment Relations Act 2000 amendments
- Holidays Act reform
- Increasing the minimum sick leave entitlement
- Workplace relations in the screen industry
- Forced Labour Protocol
- Extending paid parental leave
- Equal Pay Amendment Act
- Law change for Easter Sunday shop trading
- Employment Standards Legislation Act
- Proposed Accident Compensation Appeal Tribunal
- Accident compensation dispute resolution review
- Reviewing regulated ACC payments for treatment
- Employment Relations Amendment Act
- Minimum wage reviews
- Sex work in New Zealand
- Changes to the process for setting pay for Members of Parliament
- Security officers – additional employment protections
- Matariki
- Updating Accident Compensation Review Costs Regulations
- Queen Elizabeth II Memorial Day
- Changes to ACC’s Accredited Employers Programme
- Review framework for list of occupational diseases
- Contractor work in Aotearoa New Zealand
- Support workers – request for additional employment protections
- Changes to ACC regulations for Chinese medicine, paramedics and audiometrists
- Accident Compensation (Interest on Instalments) Amendment Act
- Our international labour relations
- Labour market reports, data and analysis
- Future of Work Tripartite Forum
- NZ income insurance scheme
- NZ Industrial Relations Foundation
- Plan of action against forced labour, people trafficking and slavery
- Employment website
- Regional Skills Leadership Groups
Plan of action implementation reports
The Plan of Action provides a high-level framework for the actions that government agencies will undertake over 5 years to 2025 to contribute to eliminating forced labour, people trafficking and slavery.
On this page
The Plan of Action is comprised of a mixture of activities that are already underway, and new policies and programmes. The Government has committed to annual public reporting on the Plan of Action’s progress, and below is information to guide you as you read these annual reports.
The Plan of Action structures government actions into 3 broad pillars:
- Actions that aim to prevent modern slavery;
- Actions that aim to protect victims; and
- Action related to enforcement
Prevention
Undertake awareness raising and training
Actions
1. Provide information resources and advice to vulnerable groups so that people in New Zealand know their rights.
2. Provide advice, information and training so people working in front-line roles better recognise people trafficking, forced labour and slavery, and take timely and appropriate action to identify and minimise harm.
3. Provide information resources and advice to employers to ensure they are aware of their employment and immigration obligations.
4. Develop risk indicators and associated information sharing agreements for forced labour, people trafficking and slavery in New Zealand and the Asia-Pacific Region, to support onshore and offshore risk identification, disruption and investigation activities, and victim identification and rescue.
5. Improve accessibility of information so that anyone who experiences, sees or suspects exploitation knows where and how to report it.
Annual implementation report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE), Department of Internal Affairs (DIA), New Zealand Police (NZP), Oranga Tamariki (OT), New Zealand Customs Service (NZCS)
Key achievements
- Government training package on people trafficking has finished rolling out to priority MBIE staff. More than 400 priority MBIE (Employment and INZ) staff have now completed the programme. INZ has also provided tailored training on trauma-informed approaches to trafficking investigations, and presented on people trafficking to Crown Law staff and solicitors, NZP’s Financial Intelligence Unit, banks and the education sector.
- NZP’s trainee detectives continue to receive people trafficking training as part of their Detective Qualifying Course, with 141 staff trained in 2022. NZP have modified MBIE’s training materials and plan to rollout in 2023. Customs has rolled out people trafficking training to 78 staff, including frontline officers at ports and investigations, intelligence and enforcement officers. DIA has incorporated people trafficking training into their ‘Citizenship by Descent’ (CBD) training, with two courses delivered in 2022.
- INZ is continuing regular engagement with key migrant communities (Chinese, Filipino, South Asian and Latin American). Migrant exploitation (including the visa and reporting mechanism) is regularly discussed at migrant network meetings.
- MBIE supported the Modern Slavery and Worker Exploitation Advisory Group to produce its third annual awareness-raising newsletter. It was disseminated electronically this year, and promoted during a Social Justice event at the Wellington Anglican Diocese in August.
Areas for further work
- MBIE to raise awareness of people trafficking (and training in particular) through NZP’s transnational organised crime (TNOC) system to ensure greater uptake of materials across government
Upcoming milestones (Quarter 1 2023)
- A people trafficking awareness-raising resource for government and the community, including what trafficking is, where you might see it, indicators and who to call for help, is under development by the Inter-Agency Trafficking Operations Group. Expected to be published end of 2022 and disseminated early 2023.
- MBIE’s review of the Principal Liaison service (for exploited migrants) expected to be completed by the end of 2022. Recommendations will be implemented into 2023 to enhance service offerings and build national level stakeholder relationships.
- MBIE’s people trafficking learning programme for government will now be available for any staff to sign up, with capacity for over 800 staff in 2023.
- DIA to continue rollout of trafficking training for staff processing CBD applications.
- Customs plans to refresh people trafficking training to particularly target border operations and intelligence staff.
- OT has completed a pilot test of the people trafficking training, and work to adapt the modules for an OT context will be prioritised in the first quarter of 2023.
Annual implementation Report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE), Department of Internal Affairs (DIA), New Zealand Police (NZP), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- 'Tango i Te Kaupae Muri – Take The Next Step' conference delivered in March 2021, attended by 100-150 people representing business, civil society and government end modern slavery and worker exploitation within Aotearoa.
- New training modules on people trafficking completed by MBIE, and shared with NZP, OT, Customs and DIA. Specialised training for Airline Liaison Officers developed and rolled out. Police Specialist Child Protection Teams, all new detectives, and all District CIB Managers have received people trafficking training in 2021.
- Over 70 business and regulatory system and sector stakeholders engaged with by Employment NZ (ENZ) on ethical and sustainable work practice resources.
Ethical and sustainable work practices(external link) — Employment.govt.nz - Immigration NZ (INZ) has held regular zoom meetings with community stakeholders, including leaders of the Muslim, South Asian, Filipino and Chinese communities throughout the year, regarding the protection of migrants and their rights in NZ.
- Employment NZ completed initial interviews with employers of migrant workers as part of research to improve communication channels.
Areas for further work
- Encourage other government agencies to deliver people trafficking training to relevant staff.
(external link)Upcoming milestones
- December 2021 – Information about migrant exploitation published to MBIE website in 13 languages.
- December 2021 – MBIE’s people trafficking communications strategy reviewed by Reference Group and other stakeholders, and being used to inform communication activities.
- Quarter 1 2022 – Complete research programme into how best to deliver information to migrant workers and their employers.
- Quarter 2 2022 – Updated people trafficking training available to all MBIE staff (Delayed from 2021).
- Quarter 2 2022 – Consider designating additional government agencies as ‘child welfare and protection agencies’ to improve information sharing.
Information sharing provisions – child at the centre(external link) — Oranga Tamariki - Quarter 3 2022 – Police plan to deliver awareness-raising training to all new Police recruits (Delayed from 2021).
Prevent exploitation from escalating through policy and operational responses
Actions
6. Consider and progress opportunities to prevent and disrupt lower-level offending, such as breaches of employment standards, which can escalate into more extreme forms of exploitation.
7. Consider opportunities to improve business oversight and practices by parties other than the direct employer, to ensure wider compliance with employment standards.
8. Implement changes to make it easier for migrant workers to leave exploitative employment, through the development of a new dedicated reporting and triaging function and new temporary visa, which will help to prevent exploitation from further escalating.
Annual implementation Report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
- Joint Immigration NZ (INZ)-Employment NZ (ENZ) Compliance and Enforcement Strategy, designed to improve collaboration to combat migrant exploitation, completed and being applied.
- Advice to the Minister for Workplace Relations and Safety on the possible policy direction of legislation to address modern slavery and worker exploitation across domestic and international operations and supply chains. This includes potential obligations to prevent breaches of employment standards in domestic operations and supply chains.
- ENZ ethical and sustainable work practices resources have been completed for directors and investors.
Director’s approach to assuring ethical and sustainable work practices(external link) — Employment.govt.nz
Investor’s approach to assuring ethical and sustainable work practices(external link) — Employment.govt.nz - New migrant exploitation phone line and online reporting established on 1 July, with 356 complaints of migrant exploitation received by 31 October, of which 103 found to potentially be exploitation and referred for investigation.
Reporting Migrant exploitation form(external link) — Employment.govt.nz - Migrant Exploitation Protection Visa (MEPV) established on 1 July 2021, with 61 applications accepted, 56 approved and 2 declined (withdrawn) as at 1 Dec 2021.
Migrant exploitation protection visa(external link) — Immigration.govt.nz
Areas for further work
- None identified at this stage.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2022 – Implementation of joint INZ-ENZ migrant exploitation allegation triage and reporting model (Delayed from July 2021).
- Quarter 2 2022 – Public consultation on proposals to address modern slavery and worker exploitation in operations and supply chains.
- Quarter 2 2022 – Migrant worker protection bill introduced, to give effect to legislative changes proposed under the Temporary Migrant Worker Exploitation Review (Delayed from Q3 2021).
- Quarter 2 2022 – Review and refine migrant exploitation allegation triage processes.
- July 2022 – Accredited Employer Work Visa to be introduced (Delayed from 2021).
New employer accreditation and work visa(external link) — Immigration.govt.nz - 2023 – MBIE will operationalise changes arising from the Migrant Worker Bill; including the new infringement regime, a broader stand-down list of employers and the disqualification of those convicted of migrant exploitation from managing/directing a company.
Annual implementation Report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
MBIE’s joint operating model (now renamed as ‘Joint Operating Model for the Prevention of Migrant Exploitation’) was agreed by INZ and ENZ in September 2022.
The migrant exploitation triage and reporting model continues to facilitate the triage of migrant exploitation complaints through to INZ and the Labour Inspectorate, and the liaison capability provides exploited migrants with advice and connections to support. Migrant exploitation phone line and online reporting established on 1 July 2021, with 1,134 complaints of migrant exploitation received by 2 December 2022. As of 2 December 2022, 314 individuals have been supported by liaison support.
The Worker Protection (Migrant and Other Employees) Bill was introduced in September and is being considered by Select Committee. Public submissions on the Bill closed on 1 December.
Public consultation on proposed legislation to address modern slavery and worker exploitation in operations and supply chains undertaken from 8 April to 7 June 2022. A submissions report was published on the MBIE website in September.
INZ has now completed work to advise migrants when the employer they are working for, on an employer-specific visa, is placed on the Labour Inspectorate stand down list.
Areas for further work
- None identified at this stage
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2023: The volume of complaints regarding migrant exploitation has now evened out, and further information and education activity is planned for early 2023 to ensure ongoing awareness of options for reporting and notification.
- Quarter 2 2023: The Education and Workforce Committee will report on the Worker Protection (Migrant and Other Employee) Bill. It is expected that the Bill will be passed by Parliament in Quarter 3 2023.
- Mid-2023: Evaluation of the Temporary Migration Worker Exploitation Review will commence.
- 2023 Cabinet decisions expected on proposals on proposed legislation to address modern slavery and worker exploitation in operations and supply chains. Legislation is intended to be introduced in 2023.
Enhance international prevention responses through regional co-operation
Actions
9. Leverage and build on bilateral and multilateral agreements and forums to enhance cross-border information sharing and work to prevent forced labour and people trafficking.
10. Develop and deliver bespoke training and capability building programmes with Asia-Pacific border and law enforcement agencies.
11. Identify mechanisms to assist in building greater child safeguarding measures in the Pacific.
12. Identify ways to strengthen capacity and capability of social services/agencies in the Pacific to respond to child protection issues such as child trafficking and exploitation.
Annual implementation Report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE), Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MFAT), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- Immigration NZ (INZ) has held virtual capacity-building sessions with Fiji immigration officials on topics including compliance and investigations.
- MFAT has established a NZD $8.2 million programme with Tearfund for 2021-2026 to connect community-based livelihoods work with an anti-trafficking programme. Implementation in Solomon Islands, Fiji, Vanuatu and Sri Lanka has begun.
- NZ is co-chairing the Counter-Terrorism and Transnational Crime work-stream under the ASEAN Regional Forum until 2023.
ASEAN Regional Forum(external link) - INZ Senior Irregular Migration Liaison Officer deployed to Southeast Asia July 2021.
- Capacity building modules on trafficking in persons, forced labour and slavery developed as part of the Hakili Matagi Immigration Core Elements Curriculum.
- Progression of negotiations between OT and [X] (Please note that the name of the country is being withheld due to sensitivity of the negotiations) towards a bilateral agreement to safeguard children being moved across borders, included a roundtable discussion in July 2021.
Areas for further work
- Pilot of modern slavery training modules for Pacific countries delayed due to COVID-19 restrictions.
- Bespoke modern slavery capacity building with Pacific partners currently on hold due to closed borders.
- Bali Process Disruption of People Smuggling and Trafficking initiatives, including simulation based exercise and Joint Period of Action, on hold pending COVID-19 restrictions.
- Initiate discussions with at least one Pacific Island country (which are not signatories to the Hague Convention) about child safe-guarding practices when domestic adoptions are concluded in the child’s country of origin and recognised under s17 Adoption Act 1955 for immigration purposes.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2022 – Bali Process Disruption of People Smuggling and Trafficking Working Group compendium of successful operations published (Delayed from Quarter 3-4 2021).
- Quarter 2 2022 – Network of four INZ Irregular Migration Liaison Officers deployed full time to South and South-East Asia (Delayed from Quarter 3 2021).
- 2023 – Implementation of Tearfund’s community based programme in Myanmar to commence.
Annual implementation Report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE), Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MFAT), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- INZ and MoJ represented New Zealand at the UN Convention on Transnational Organised Crime Conference of the Parties (COP), and the COP Trafficking in Persons and Smuggling of Migrants Working Groups, in Vienna in June and October 2022. INZ led New Zealand’s participation in the negotiations on a people trafficking resolution tabled at the COP, and negotiations were successful.
- NZ’s network of 4 Irregular Migration Liaison Officers (IMLOs) have now been deployed in South and Southeast Asia. The IMLOs work to strengthen NZ’s relationships with law enforcement and border agencies in the region to address issues relating to maritime people smuggling and related crimes (including people trafficking). They also support capacity building activities in the region.
- The Bali Process Disruption of People Smuggling and Trafficking Working Group, co-chaired by New Zealand and Vietnam, met in October 2022. It combined 2 days of workshop activities and collaborative learning by more than 50 attendees from 16 countries and international organisations.
- In the first half of 2022 OT has been working closely with the Pacific Justice Sector Programme to identify models of practice within the Pacific judiciary which prevents children being trafficked and exploited. The programme went live in May, introduced by the Lord Chief Justice of the Tonga Supreme Court, and it is hoped that this model will encourage other Pacific nations to follow suit.
Areas for further work
- INZ to work with Fiji, Kiribati, Samoa Immigration (and other partners if requested) to deliver bespoke capacity building support to address forced labour, people trafficking and slavery, once work plans are confirmed in 2023.
- OT travelled to the Philippines in March 2022 and met with various groups working to combat trafficking and child exploitation. A bilateral agreement between the Philippines Welfare Division and Oranga Tamariki, to support information sharing and responding to child trafficking cases, was discussed. Unfortunately this hasn’t been able to progress further in 2022 due to a change in Administration in the Philippines after the General Elections. It will be picked back up in 2023.
- OT and MoJ met with the Chief Justice of Kiribati in May to discuss working collaboratively with the Kiribati judiciary to implement child safeguarding measures in the adoption process, to prevent trafficking and exploitation of children. Due to the current political situation in Kiribati, which is impacting on the judiciary, this engagement has been on hold.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2023 - Pacific Immigration Development Community (PIDC) Information Sharing Working Group workshop planned for Feb 2023.
- 2023 - Implementation of Tearfund’s community-based programme in Myanmar to commence
- 2023 - Dialogue continues towards the negotiation of a bilateral information sharing agreement to ensure children’s rights and best interests are protected when moving across international borders. A date for the next formal engagement is under consideration.
Eliminate forced labour and people trafficking from supply chains
Actions
13. Improve government procurement practices so that government purchasing more effectively supports good employment and supply chain practices, including combating forced labour and people trafficking from supply chains.
14. Work with system and sector leaders, including business and union representatives, to develop and share tools, resources and information to support assurance of organisational and supply chain work practices, including recruitment processes.
15. Build greater consumer awareness of forced labour, people trafficking and slavery, and identify actions that enable individual consumers to support the human rights of workers.
16. Consider introducing legislation requiring businesses to report publicly on transparency in supply chains, to help eliminate practices of modern slavery.
17. Work towards implementing the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.
Annual implementation report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
- New government employment rule targeting quality employment outcomes for NZ workers came into force October 2021, supported by public guidance.
Rule 18A: Quality employment outcomes(external link) — Procurement.govt.nz - Advice provided to the Minister for Workplace Relations and Safety on the possible policy direction of legislation to address modern slavery and worker exploitation across domestic and international operations and supply chains. Modern Slavery Leadership Advisory Group established, meeting four times in 2021. Includes representatives from business, unions, and civil society.
- Promoted important cases responding to serious non-compliance with employment law, including an Alcohol and Regulatory Licencing Authority decision to refuse a liquor licence due to poor employment practices.
Areas for further work
- Publish relevant cases of serious non-compliance with immigration law, to build greater consumer awareness of modern slavery.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2022 – MBIE to brief the Minister of Commerce and Consumer Affairs on the plan for developing NZ’s first National Action Plan to implement the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights which will include establishing a cross-government working group.
- Quarter 2 2022 – Public consultation on proposals to address modern slavery and worker exploitation in operations and supply chains.
- December 2022 – Webinar on ‘Modern Slavery in Supply Chains’ for Government procurement officials (Delayed from Q1 2021).
- December 2022 – Guidance to agencies on questions for suppliers on ‘Modern Slavery in Supply Chain’ issues and topics (Delayed from Q1 2021).
Annual implementation report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
- As above, public consultation on proposed legislation to address modern slavery and worker exploitation in operations and supply chains undertaken from 8 April to 7 June 2022. A submissions report was published on the MBIE website in September.
- In July 2022 a webinar for government procurement officials was held on Modern Slavery and the direction of travel regarding the developing legislation, to raise awareness and address questions and concerns from procurement practitioners across the public sector. The event had 161 attendees representing over 30 agencies and entities.
- The Labour Inspectorate continues to investigate cases responding to serious non-compliance with employment law. Between 1 July 2021 and 16 May 2022, 55 cases were filed with the Employment Relations Authority (ERA) and Employment Court relating to migrant exploitation, seeking arrears and/or penalties. Since July 2022 a further 4 applications to the ERA have been made. Cases are proactively promoted to achieve systemic behavioural change from employers from individual cases, with 40 articles published between 1 July 2022 and 29 November 2022.
- INZ continues to identify opportunities for proactive communications about serious exploitation and trafficking. In the first half of 2022 INZ provided extensive support and was interviewed for media coverage about a recent prosecution.
Areas for further work
- None identified at this stage
Upcoming milestones
- 2023 - As above, Cabinet decisions are expected on proposals on proposed legislation to address modern slavery and worker exploitation in operations and supply chains. Legislation is intended to be introduced in 2023.
- Quarter 1 2023 - The final New Zealand Consumer Survey 2022 closed in November 2022 with over 2,000 completed responses. Includes questions on whether the fair treatment of workers impacts on consumer purchases. Kantar Public is currently working on the analysis, with a final version to be released in February 2023.
Protection
Provide for the effective and efficient delivery of support services to victims
Actions
18. Facilitate processes for the efficient delivery of support services to victims of people trafficking.
Annual implementation report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- NZ Police (NZP) and OT Specialist Child Interviewers continued to hold consultations to strengthen techniques and skills when interviewing child victims.
- Screening tool questions to assist OT National Contact Centre and frontline social workers to identify child victims of trafficking were established in June 2021.
- 3 Principal Liaison Advisors established at MBIE to support survivors of migrant exploitation during the investigation of their exploitation allegation. This support includes facilitating contact with accommodation and welfare support providers, and supporting them through the visa process and any resulting court case.
Areas for further work
- Development of a National Referral Mechanism (NRM) is being considered by Ministers. This will be a significant project with benefits for victim identification, support and the connection between government and non-government organisations.
- Development and piloting of new training on child victim interviewing.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 2 2022 – Preparatory work towards NRM to assess current capability and create support structures.
- Quarter 4 2022 – Develop and begin implementing improvements to system under current settings and constraints.
Annual implementation report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- A Liaison Service is now well-established in MBIE’s Employment Services to support survivors of migrant exploitation during the investigation of their exploitation allegation. This support includes facilitating contact with accommodation and welfare support providers and supporting them through the visa process and any resulting court case.
- INZ has been engaging with key agencies involved in supporting victims of trafficking to ensure processes are streamlined (Ministry of Health and Ministry of Social Development). A review of the victim certification process is underway, with a joint INZ-NZP workshop held in Quarter 3 2022.
Areas for further work
- Additional resource to establish a comprehensive identification and support system for victims of trafficking is still required. INZ will continue to research and scope this work, which will include exploring options for funding.
- A review of the trafficking victim certification process to ensure it is still fit-for-purpose, whilst started, was not completed in 2022.
- Consultations between Police and Oranga Tamariki Specialist Child Interviewers Unit (SCIU) to strengthen techniques and skills when interviewing child victims, has not yet progressed.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2023 - As above, MBIE’s review of the Principal Liaison service (for exploited migrants) expected to be completed by the end of 2022. Recommendations will be implemented into 2023 to enhance service offerings and build national level stakeholder relationships.
- Quarter 1 2023 - Screening tool to assist Oranga Tamariki National Contact Centre (NCC) and frontline social workers to identify child victims of trafficking will be finalised and implemented.
Improve information for victims of exploitation and vulnerable groups
Actions
19. Continue to develop information sources for migrants on their work rights and entitlements, including during the recruitment and placement process, and on where to seek support to protect themselves in exploitative situations.
20. Work with social sector agencies and non-governmental organisations to help inform exploitation victims of their rights, and opportunities to seek help and assistance.
Annual implementation report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
- Immigration NZ (INZ) review of employment rights information sent to migrants in visa approval letters.
- Employment NZ (ENZ) completed initial interviews with employers of migrant workers as part of research to improve communication channels.
- Refresh of people trafficking pages on INZ website, including new information about visas available to trafficking victims, and brochures translated into 9 languages.
Help for victims of people trafficking(external link) — Immigration.govt.nz
Areas for further work
- INZ has sent fewer letters with information on work rights this year than in previous years.
- Government agencies need to identify opportunities to improve information for victims of exploitation and other vulnerable groups.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2022 – Complete research programme into how best to deliver information to migrant workers and their employers.
Annual implementation report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- ENZ provides a suite of learning modules for employees and employers, which are publicly available, and regularly updated. The modules cover issues such as employment rights, pay and wages, hours of work and resolving problems (directed at either the employee or the employer).
- Over 200 key stakeholder engagements have taken place since 1 January 2022 where ENZ’s ethical & sustainable work practices have been referenced to a greater or lesser degree. These stakeholders sit across multiple systems and sectors.
Areas for further work
- With the new migrant exploitation research released, the findings should be used to inform how the government can best deliver information to migrant workers and their employers.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2023 - As above, a people trafficking awareness-raising resource for government and the community, including what trafficking is, where you might see it, indicators and who to call for help, is under development by the Inter-Agency Trafficking Operations Group. Expected to be published end of 2022 and disseminated early 2023.
Improve our understanding of exploitation to enable better targeting of actions and measures
Actions
21. Undertake research and monitoring activity to better understand the nature and extent of forced labour, people trafficking and slavery in New Zealand.
N1*. Recognise and include victim or survivor experiences and expertise.
*New actions (added after the Plan of Action was published) have been numbered differently (i.e. ‘N1’, ‘N2’), to ensure our reporting still aligns with the Plan of Action numbering.
Annual implementation report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- OT has begun collecting data on reports of concern (ROCs) which allege forced labour, child trafficking or slavery.
- Immigration NZ (INZ) completed initial research on international definitions and methodological measurements of people trafficking.
- Research on the impact and effectiveness of international modern slavery legislation completed.
Areas for further work
- New action identified to ‘Recognise and include victim or survivor experiences and expertise’ has not yet been progressed.
- Consider commissioning an assessment of the prevalence of forced marriage in New Zealand.
Upcoming milestones
- December 2021 – Report of concern (ROC) data will be analysed for relevance and usefulness.
- Quarter 1 2022 – Intelligence assessment, to establish baseline understanding of the people trafficking landscape in NZ, scheduled for completion. This assessment will be re-produced on an annual basis.
- Quarter 1 2022 – Maritime people smuggling and trafficking research product scheduled for release.
- Quarter 2 2022 – Commission a paper on best practice for including trafficking victims in NRMs.
- Quarter 3 2022 – INZ will complete comprehensive people trafficking investigation review (Delayed from Quarter 4 2021).
Annual implementation report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- INZ conducted an initial scoping review of international peer reviewed research and best practice regarding a Survivor Support Strategy. Advice was sought from counterparts at the Australian Attorney-General’s Department and Australian Red Cross regarding their approaches to survivor inclusion in their Plan of Action, and the provision of victim support.
- ENZ-commissioned migrant exploitation research (led by Kantar Public) on migrant workers and employers of migrant workers was released in September 2022. The research results will inform how to best deliver information to migrant workers and their employers.
- OT’s Evidence Centre has completed work on a proactive evidence brief looking at international and New Zealand experience of exploitation (including servitude, forced labour, online exploitation, forced marriage and commercial sexual exploitation) within a child protection context. As a result of the findings, further work has been commissioned to conduct a ‘deep dive’ (see upcoming milestones).
- OT is continuing to collect data on reports of concern (ROCs) which allege forced labour, child trafficking or slavery. This includes data on demographics, key sectors involved, and source countries.
Areas for further work
- The above research work (into survivor inclusion) will inform future activities under the action to ‘Recognise and include victim or survivor experiences and expertise’. Specific consideration is needed into how victim and survivor voices are incorporated into support strategies and other initiatives going forward.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2023 - Research project commissioned within MBIE to understand the criminal and civil structures in place to address people trafficking across a number of offshore jurisdictions. The findings will help inform any recommendations for New Zealand’s enforcement approach.
- Quarter 1 2023 - Circulation of a paper from MBIE on best practice considerations for survivor inclusion will be circulated between the Inter-Agency TIP Operations Group, Plan of Action Reference Group and civil society Advisory Group.
- Quarter 2 2023 - Intelligence assessment, to improve understanding of the people trafficking landscape in New Zealand, scheduled to be undertaken for a second year (delayed from 2022)
- 2023 - OT’s research ‘deep-dive’ to include:
- What child labour exploitation looks like in practice
- More information on child labour exploitation among migrants, international students, refugees
- Similarities and differences with adult labour exploitation
- The role of religious organisations in prevention/intervention
- Familial relationships involved, including through adoption
Enforcement
Strengthen operational, policy and legislative settings to enhance enforcement and align with international obligations
Actions
22. Continue to support victims to participate in the criminal justice process, including through the provision of appropriate support.
23. Review and amend, as appropriate, policy and legislative settings to ensure they are fit-for-purpose in enabling the disruption, prosecution, and recovery and confiscation of income derived through exploitation in its wider context.
24. Consider amending the Crimes Act 1961 to strengthen provisions for the criminalisation of trafficking in children (under 18 years of age).
Annual implementation report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE), Ministry of Justice (MoJ), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
Many of the deliverables for this sub-pillar relate to ongoing activities by agencies to support victims to participate in the criminal justice process, including through the provision of appropriate support.
- The Ministry of Justice published the Communication Assistance Quality Framework in July 2021, which is a service available to assess participants’ communication abilities and advise the court on how to enable effective communication.
Communication assistance(external link) — Justice.govt.nz
Areas for further work
- Consider amending the Crimes Act 1961 to strengthen provisions for the criminalisation of trafficking in children.
- Review support available to migrant victims of people trafficking in New Zealand.
- OT to identify training needs of evidential interviewers and develop training material/access to existing training courses.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 2 2022 – Migrant Worker Protection bill introduced, to give effect to legislative changes proposed under the Temporary Migrant Worker Exploitation Review (Delayed from Q3 2021).
- 2022 – Ministry of Justice to further develop the training framework for Communication Assistants and raise awareness to lawyers and police prosecutors of the Communication Assistance service.
Annual implementation report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE), Ministry of Justice (MoJ), Oranga Tamariki (OT)
Key achievements
- Many of the deliverables for this sub-pillar relate to ongoing activities by agencies to support victims to participate in the criminal justice process, including through the provision of appropriate support.
- As part of Budget 2022, $45.7M over 4 years was committed to “Better Outcomes for Victims”. With this funding, Justice sector agencies will design and implement end to end processes of support for victims who participate in the criminal justice system, including vulnerable victims such as those who have been trafficked.
Areas for further work
- INZ continues to work through supporting cross-border trafficking victims on a case-by-case basis, with a heavy reliance on investigative staff who are fulfilling the role of victim supporters. This has been identified as an issue that needs addressing and additional resourcing.
- MoJ to consider amending the Crimes Act 1961 to strengthen provisions for the criminalisation of trafficking in children. If the opportunity arises the Ministry will endeavour to progress this work.
- OT to identify training needs of evidential interviewers and develop training material / access to existing training courses. OT also plans to conduct a gap analysis to identify current practices in interviewing victims, and what is needed to strengthen these practices, but it has not progressed in 2022.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 2 2023 - As above, the Education and Workforce Committee will report on the Worker Protection (Migrant and Other Employee) Bill. It is expected that the Bill will be passed by Parliament in Quarter 3 2023.
Improve cooperation in investigations across government agencies
Actions
25. Strengthen cooperation between enforcement agencies to support efficient and effective responses to enquiries relating to forced labour, people trafficking and slavery.
Annual implementation report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
- Joint Immigration NZ (INZ)-Employment NZ (ENZ) Compliance and Enforcement Strategy completed.
- New migrant exploitation phone line and online reporting established on 1 July.
Report migrant exploitation form(external link) — Employment.govt.nz - INZ and NZ Police (NZP) Investigations Protocol signed October 2021. The protocol provides a tangible guide on how INZ and NZP work in a collaborative, coordinated and cooperative way.
- The Trafficking in Persons Inter-Agency Operations Group has implemented a standardised approach to recording suspected cases of people trafficking.
Areas for further work
- None identified at this stage.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2022 – The Operating Model to put the principles of the Joint ENZ-INZ Joint Enforcement Strategy into practice will be delivered.
- Quarter 2 2022 – Review and refine migrant exploitation allegation triage processes.
- 2022 – INZ will operationalise changes arising from the introduction of the Migrant Worker Protection Bill, specifically the new infringement regime and the establishment of a broader stand down list of employers.
Annual implementation report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
- In July 2022, MBIE, DIA, MFAT and Customs became recognised as ‘Child Welfare Protection Agencies’ under the Oranga Tamariki Act 1989. This will allow greater collaboration through information sharing on victim identification and investigations for cases involving children and young people under 18.
- As above, MBIE’s migrant exploitation triage and reporting model continues to facilitate the triage of migrant exploitation complaints through to INZ and the Labour Inspectorate, and the liaison capability provides exploited migrants with advice and connections to support.
- MBIE’s joint operating model (now renamed as ‘Joint Operating Model for the Prevention of Migrant Exploitation’) was agreed by INZ and ENZ in September 2022.
- The Trafficking in Persons Inter-Agency Operations Group continues to meet monthly to discuss investigations into cases with elements of people trafficking.
Areas for further work
None identified at this stage.
Upcoming milestones
None identified at this stage.
Improve international cooperation and partnership
Actions
26. Action 26 has been incorporated into Action 9.(Continue to support and contribute to international efforts to address forced labour, people trafficking and slavery through ongoing engagement in multilateral forums.)
27. Continue engagement with agencies, organisations and forums working to address forced labour and people trafficking in the Pacific.
28. Continue capacity-building activities to support the disruption and prosecution of forced labour, people trafficking and slavery.
Annual implementation report 2021
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
- February 2021 Inter-Agency Operations Group completed training with US Department of Justice on trafficking investigations.
- Capacity building modules on trafficking in persons, forced labour and slavery developed as part of the Hakili Matagi Immigration Core Elements Curriculum.
- Immigration NZ (INZ) Investigations presentations at Jakarta Centre for Law Enforcement Cooperation (JCLEC) and Bali Process Disruption Working Group.
Areas for further work
- The majority of offshore presentations are currently on hold due to closed borders (e.g. Fiji Police and Immigration workshop, Samoan Police awareness programme).
- Pilot of modern slavery training modules for Pacific countries delayed due to COVID-19 restrictions.
Upcoming milestones
- None identified at this stage.
Annual implementation report 2022
Active agencies – Ministry of Business, Innovation & Employment (MBIE)
Key achievements
- In May 2022, INZ travelled to Fiji to assist and coordinate the delivery of ongoing training packages for Fijian authorities. INZ assisted the Fijian immigration service with a local investigation, as well as operational prevention activities.
- INZ now engages with Fiji immigration on a monthly basis to share information and build capacity, including on local cases with no connection to New Zealand.
- Training initiatives delivered with domestic and international partners at the ASEAN Transnational Organised Crime course at the Jakarta Centre for Law Enforcement Cooperation (JCLEC) most recently in October 2022.
- MFAT’s NZD $8.2 million programme with Tearfund for 2021-2026 continues to progress, with a major focus on establishing the programme in Fiji and the Solomon Islands. One priority is to increase community awareness of trafficking, exploitation and sexual abuse and know how to respond and access support, and initial efforts have been focused in Fiji, Sri Lanka and the Solomon Islands.
- As above, in May 2022 OT and MoJ met with the Chief Justice of Kiribati to discuss how to work collaboratively with the judiciary to implement child safeguarding measures in the adoption process, to prevent child trafficking and exploitation. OT has been working closely with the Pacific Justice Sector Programme, and Tonga specifically, to identify models of practice within the Pacific judiciary which prevent trafficked children being trafficked and exploited.
Areas for further work
In 2023, INZ plans to provide assistance with ongoing training activities with Pacific agencies to support investigation and prosecution efforts.
Upcoming milestones
- Quarter 1 2023 - INZ have arranged for Fijian investigative staff to visit New Zealand, where they will shadow INZ Investigators, meet with Border officials, and share information and training materials.
- 2023 - The network established with Fijian authorities will be extended to Tonga and Samoa. The intention is to create a network that can be utilised for future cross-border trafficking or exploitation investigations. Investigative efficiency is being built on both ends.